Topic 2.2 · AP U.S. History

European Colonization

Compare why Spanish, French, Dutch, and English colonization developed differently and evaluate how land, labor, commerce, religion, Native sovereignty, and rivalry shaped their effects.

20 min overview3 objectives

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What you will understand

Use these objectives to guide your reading and to check whether you can explain the topic in your own words.

  1. 01

    Explain the commercial, geopolitical, religious, and migration causes of European colonization and the institutions that made colonies durable.

  2. 02

    Compare Spanish, French, Dutch, and English strategies using population, settlement, economy, labor, religion, and Native relations.

  3. 03

    Evaluate how colonization transformed land, labor, political power, cultural exchange, and imperial competition from 1607 to 1754.

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